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1.
International Journal of Chinese & Comparative Philosophy of Medicine ; 20(1):1-8, 2022.
Article in English | Web of Science | ID: covidwho-2311809
2.
Sustainability (Switzerland) ; 15(7), 2023.
Article in English | Scopus | ID: covidwho-2293291

ABSTRACT

The growth of healthcare waste (HCW) was driven by the spread of COVID-19. Effective HCW eradication has become a pressing global issue that requires immediate attention. Selecting an effective healthcare waste treatment technology (HCWTT) can aid in preventing waste buildup. HCWTT selection can be seen as a complex multi-criteria group evaluation problem as the process involves multiple types of criteria and decision-makers (DMs) facing uncertain and vague information. The key objective of this study is to create a useful tool for the evaluation of HCWTT that is appropriate for the organization's needs. A novel index system for assessing the HCWTT during the decision-making evaluation process is first presented. Then a new approach based on entropy measure, decision-making trial and evaluation laboratory (DEMATEL), and game theory for the integrated weighting procedure (IWP) is presented under a Fermatean fuzzy environment. A multi-criteria group analysis based on IWP, a technique for order of preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS) and grey relational analysis (GRA), named IWP-TOPSIS-GRA framework suited to Fermatean fuzzy evaluation information, is developed. In a real-world case of HCWTT selection, through comparative analysis and sensitivity analysis, it is verified that the presented method is feasible and robust. © 2023 by the authors.

3.
Journal of Rural Mental Health ; 47(2):114-122, 2023.
Article in English | APA PsycInfo | ID: covidwho-2300828

ABSTRACT

School-based telebehavioral health is one avenue to increase students' access to mental health services, especially for students who are less likely to access traditional community mental health settings due to a lack of transportation to distant sites, financial resources, and other barriers. With the shortage of child behavioral specialists in Kansas' rural and underserved communities, the Telehealth ROCKS (Regional Outreach to Communities, Kids, and Schools) program was created to address student behavioral health needs at school through telehealth. Since 2018, this program has provided approximately 1,600 mental health appointments. With public health mandates and a shift to online school, the COVID-19 pandemic led to a rapid telehealth transition from services in rural supervised school settings to direct-to-consumer services in homes. The authors describe the challenges and opportunities experienced during this transition across telebehavioral health specialties: (a) developmental/autism assessments, (b) developmental behavioral interventions to address problem behaviors, (c) child and adolescent psychological services, (d) medical complexity services, and (e) child and adolescent psychiatry. The authors then describe the overall transition from school-based to home-based services based on national Guidelines for Evidence-Based Child Telebehavioral Health domains: Patient Appropriateness, Crisis Management/Safety, and Logistics/Administrative Protocols. This experience and lessons learned can inform other school-based telemental health programs considering expansion to home-based services. The authors also discuss evolving telehealth policy and the reimbursement environment, with continued relevance due to continued COVID-19 outbreaks impacting school services and future public health emergencies affecting schools. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved) Impact Statement This report shares lessons learned when rapidly transitioning the Telehealth ROCKS rural telebehavioral health services from the supervised school setting to the unsupervised home setting during the COVID-19 pandemic to meet escalating student behavioral health needs. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved)

4.
1st Workshop on NLP for COVID-19 at the 58th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics, ACL 2020 ; 2020.
Article in English | Scopus | ID: covidwho-2288478
5.
J Community Psychol ; 51(5): 2213-2228, 2023 07.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-2261967

ABSTRACT

Extension for Community Healthcare Outcomes (ECHO)-based telementoring was evaluated for disseminating early disaster interventions, Psychological First Aid (PFA) and Skills for Psychological Recovery (SPR), to school professionals throughout rural, disaster-affected communities further affected by COVID-19. PFA and SPR complemented their Multitiered System of Support: PFA complemented tier 1 (universal) and SPR tier 2 (targeted) prevention. We evaluated the outcomes of a pretraining webinar (164 participants, January 2021) and four-part PFA training (84 participants, June 2021) and SPR training (59 participants, July 2021) across five levels of Moore's continuing medical education evaluation framework: (1) participation, (2) satisfaction, (3) learning, (4) competence, and (5) performance, using pre-, post-, and 1-month follow-up surveys. Positive training outcomes were observed across all five levels, with high participation and satisfaction throughout, and high use at the 1-month follow-up. ECHO-based telementoring may successfully engage and train community providers in these underused early disaster response models. Recommendations regarding training format and using evaluation to improve training are provided.


Subject(s)
COVID-19 , Disasters , Humans , Mental Health , Learning , Surveys and Questionnaires
6.
Rural Special Education Quarterly ; 2023.
Article in English | Europe PMC | ID: covidwho-2246701

ABSTRACT

To address the daunting behavioral and mental health needs of Kansas' rural and underserved communities, Telehealth ROCKS (Rural Outreach for the Children of Kansas) Schools project partnered with school-based health centers, school districts, and special education cooperatives to provide a range of telebehavioral health intervention services and teletraining. This project used the Project Extension for Community Healthcare Outcomes (ECHO) telementoring framework to connect specialty providers with school/community providers for web-based continuing education and case consultation to support students with special education needs. Our team created Function Friday for Better Behavior ECHO series to address challenging behaviors in schools, based on the concept of functional behavior assessment and function-based treatment. Part of the ECHO series occurred after the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. This article describes how our ECHO series provided an effective mechanism for supporting school and community providers during the pandemic, and participating educators utilized skills as they transitioned from onsite education to the virtual learning environment with students.

7.
Rural Spec Educ Q ; 42(2): 94-104, 2023 Jun.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-2237471

ABSTRACT

To address the daunting behavioral and mental health needs of Kansas' rural and underserved communities, Telehealth ROCKS (Rural Outreach for the Children of Kansas) Schools project partnered with school-based health centers, school districts, and special education cooperatives to provide a range of telebehavioral health intervention services and teletraining. This project used the Project Extension for Community Healthcare Outcomes (ECHO) telementoring framework to connect specialty providers with school/community providers for web-based continuing education and case consultation to support students with special education needs. Our team created the Function Friday for Better Behavior ECHO series to address challenging behaviors in schools, based on the concept of functional behavior assessment and function-based treatment. Part of the ECHO series came into being after the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. This article describes how our ECHO series provided an effective mechanism for supporting school and community providers during the pandemic, and participating educators utilized skills as they transitioned from onsite education to the virtual learning environment with students.

8.
7th International Conference on Intelligent Informatics and Biomedical Sciences, ICIIBMS 2022 ; : 234-240, 2022.
Article in English | Scopus | ID: covidwho-2191869

ABSTRACT

Supplemental oxygen is an essential part of in-hospital care for most patients hospitalized with SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia. This study seeks to identify hospitalized patients who will require advanced oxygen support (high flow oxygen, CPAP, BiPAP, or mechanical ventilation) within 96 hours of admission using a machine learning model. This information can be useful for hospitals to plan for nurse staffing, as patients will consume more resources and will need more staff assistance.Data from 302 SARS-CoV-2 patients was used to create a classifier to predict whether or not patients would require advanced oxygen support within 96 hours of admission. Of the 302 cases, 211 were randomly selected to train the model, and 91 were randomly selected for testing. Through a labeled dataset, we performed supervised learning by using a random forest ensemble model which included demographic, clinical comorbidities, vitals, and laboratory values. We used 5-fold cross-validation to evaluate our trained model and employed a majority vote decision across the five trained models in order to produce the final prediction for a given patient. Through the models, we yielded results through sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and F1 score with the 91 cases of training data.An additional 24 cases were used to test the validity of the ensemble consensus model. Approximately 40% of all patients progressed to require advanced oxygen support 96 hours after the initial presentation.Although the insight gained from the model may not definitively predict the course of an individual patient, this model may help hospital administrators plan for staffing needs with a 48-hour lead time. Patients on high oxygen support require high acuity beds, which have increased nurse-to-patient ratios. Additional samples may increase its statistical significance. Nevertheless, this model demonstrates the potential and viability of using data science to help manage hospital resources. © 2022 IEEE.

9.
Open Forum Infectious Diseases ; 9(Supplement 2):S455, 2022.
Article in English | EMBASE | ID: covidwho-2189731

ABSTRACT

Background. In the diagnosis of SARS-COV-2, upper respiratory tract specimens are primarily used for PCR testing. This study aims to evaluate the clinical and diagnostic role of bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) in diagnosing and managing COVID-19. Methods. Patients admitted to Keck Medical Center (Los Angeles, CA) during March 2020-May 2021 who had SARS-CoV-2 PCR tested on both nasopharyngeal swab (NPS) and BAL specimens (QIAGEN QIAstat-Dx RP) were included. Four patient groups were designated by PCR results: (A) NPS+/BAL+ (n=34), (B) NPS +/BAL- (n=26), (C) NPS-/BAL+ (n=5), (D) NPS-/BAL- (n=89). Clinical and laboratory data were retrospectively reviewed. Statistical analysis included the use of oneway ANOVA with Tukey HSD and Fisher's exact test. Results. 154 inpatients had NPS and BAL tested for SARS-CoV-2 RNA (mean age 55.1 y, 59.6% male). BAL was performed mainly to further assess abnormal respiratory function (n=43) or chest imaging findings (n=27), or for COVID-19 work-up (n=17). Mean turnaround time for BAL PCR was 4 h 5 min. Ct values, available on 28 BAL+ samples, did not significantly differ between patients who died (mean Ct 29.9, n=18) vs. survived (mean Ct 28.7, n=10). Time from symptom onset to BAL was significantly longer in Group B (34.2 d) vs. D (13.7 d, p< 0.01) or C (12.8 d, p< 0.05) but not vs. A (23.9 d). Groups did not differ significantly in patient comorbidities, mortality, length of hospital stay, or immunosuppressive status. SARS-CoV-2 NPS +/BAL+ patients were more likely to have diffuse or bilateral chest radiographic opacities (p< 0.01), respiratory culture with Aspergillus spp. (p< 0.05), and ARDS diagnosis than those who were NPS+/BAL- (p< 0.01). Conclusion. BALs were an important specimen source for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 in the lower respiratory tract particularly when NPS at admission was PCR-negative and for ruling out COVID-19 pneumonia as a cause of abnormal pulmonary findings or declining respiratory status. BAL positivity for SARS-CoV-2 RNA was associated with higher frequency of diffuse or bilateral opacities on CXR, culture recovery of Aspergillus spp., and ARDS. Ct values of BAL+ samples did not predict mortality though sample size was limited. Further studies on the role of viral detection in BALs in patient management and prognosis are warranted.

10.
2nd International Conference on New Energy Technology and Industrial Development, NETID 2021 ; 292, 2021.
Article in English | Scopus | ID: covidwho-2186202

ABSTRACT

COVID-19 is an infectious disease caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, which may lead to severe respiratory infection. Since December 2019, the first COVID-19 case was detected in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China. The virus has been spread worldwide, and many countries are still struggling with disease control. Therefore, this revision would provide experience accumulated and the lessons learned by China in the pandemic. The current work reviewed the basic information about COVID-19 in the aspects of pathology, diagnosis, treatment, prevention, and the major pandemic outbreaks in China. By summarizing and analyzing the measurements taken by the Chinese government and their corresponding outcomes on public health, it determined the progress made on the policies and their efficiency in the control of pandemics. With the sharing of these lessons, other countries can learn from establishing the COVID-19 surveillance system in China that would support their struggle on domestic public health. © The Authors, published by EDP Sciences.

11.
Journal of Rural Mental Health ; : No Pagination Specified, 2022.
Article in English | APA PsycInfo | ID: covidwho-2113453

ABSTRACT

School-based telebehavioral health is one avenue to increase students' access to mental health services, especially for students who are less likely to access traditional community mental health settings due to a lack of transportation to distant sites, financial resources, and other barriers. With the shortage of child behavioral specialists in Kansas' rural and underserved communities, the Telehealth ROCKS (Regional Outreach to Communities, Kids, and Schools) program was created to address student behavioral health needs at school through telehealth. Since 2018, this program has provided approximately 1,600 mental health appointments. With public health mandates and a shift to online school, the COVID-19 pandemic led to a rapid telehealth transition from services in rural supervised school settings to direct-to-consumer services in homes. The authors describe the challenges and opportunities experienced during this transition across telebehavioral health specialties: (a) developmental/autism assessments, (b) developmental behavioral interventions to address problem behaviors, (c) child and adolescent psychological services, (d) medical complexity services, and (e) child and adolescent psychiatry. The authors then describe the overall transition from school-based to home-based services based on national Guidelines for Evidence-Based Child Telebehavioral Health domains: Patient Appropriateness, Crisis Management/Safety, and Logistics/Administrative Protocols. This experience and lessons learned can inform other school-based telemental health programs considering expansion to home-based services. The authors also discuss evolving telehealth policy and the reimbursement environment, with continued relevance due to continued COVID-19 outbreaks impacting school services and future public health emergencies affecting schools. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved) Impact Statement This report shares lessons learned when rapidly transitioning the Telehealth ROCKS rural telebehavioral health services from the supervised school setting to the unsupervised home setting during the COVID-19 pandemic to meet escalating student behavioral health needs. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved)

12.
Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology ; 37:131-132, 2022.
Article in English | Web of Science | ID: covidwho-2030862
13.
Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology ; 37:119-120, 2022.
Article in English | Web of Science | ID: covidwho-2030861
14.
Journal of General Internal Medicine ; 37:S633, 2022.
Article in English | EMBASE | ID: covidwho-1995840

ABSTRACT

SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS: The initial narrative medicine sessions were held virtually over Zoom during the 2020-2021 academic year due to COVID-19. Sessions were held in person during the 2021-2022 academic year. Each session included 8-16 internal medicine residents. Residents participated in a single session during their ambulatory block. DESCRIPTION: Narrative medicine has been integrated into medical training with increased depth and frequency to enhance competencies such as observation, reflection, and self-care among trainees. The narrative medicine sessions in this pilot curriculum consisted of one-hour interactive workshops. The workshops began with a brief introduction to the field of narrative medicine, followed by a discussion of a short literary text. After reading and discussing the text, participants were asked to complete a brief writing exercise designed to elicit a personal narrative, and responses were then shared with the larger group. EVALUATION: Following the workshop, participants (N=100) completed a retrospective pre- and post- survey assessing the impacts of this intervention on several different variables. Descriptive statistics were used to evaluate pre- and post-workshop differences. Participants also completed open-ended questions assessing what they learned from the session and what they could apply to their future practice, and key themes were extracted. The survey was administered through a HIPAA-compliant online platform, and no personally identifiable data were collected. Participants' interest in learning about the field of narrative medicine increased significantly after the workshop compared to prior (p<0.01). After the workshop, participants noted significantly higher levels of confidence in their ability to listen to patient stories, analyze short pieces of literature, and engage in reflective writing (p<0.01). They also expressed significantly greater agreement with the notions that engaging in literary analysis and reflective writing could improve patient care, reduce provider burnout, and improve connectedness to one's colleagues (p<0.01). Analysis of open-ended questions demonstrated that participants found the sessions to be engaging and worthwhile, and that many skills could be applied to their future practice. DISCUSSION / REFLECTION / LESSONS LEARNED: The results of this pilot study suggest that incorporating a brief narrative medicine curriculum into an internal medicine residency program is both feasible and valuable. A single, one-hour session was easily integrated into a pre-existing ambulatory block;participation fostered meaningful reflection, development of observational skills, and connection with colleagues. The session was positively received, and participants were able to appreciate the ways in which narrative medicine could enhance their own medical practice. Future directions include expanding the curriculum over all 3 years of residency and integrating it into existing curricula that address issues such as Social Determinants of Health and Equality, Diversity, and Inclusion.

15.
Gastroenterology ; 162(7):S-1004, 2022.
Article in English | EMBASE | ID: covidwho-1967388

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: The characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine-induced immunity in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients on immune modifying agents has not been clearly defined due to their exclusion in vaccine trials. Emerging results suggest infliximab impairs antibody response compared to vedolizumab. However there has not been direct comparison to controls. We evaluated this with both humoral and T cell response in IBD patients. METHODS: Antibody and T cell response were analysed in IBD patients who received BNT162b2 (Pfizer–BioNTech) or ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 (Oxford–AstraZeneca) vaccination from a single Australian centre. The control group were healthcare workers (HCW) without IBD. Blood samples were taken at 4 time points: at baseline V0 (before vaccination);V1 (7- 14 days after vaccine 1);V2 (7-14 days after vaccine 2);V3 (21-42 days after vaccine 2). Antibodies to the S1/2 IgG subunit and receptor-binding protein (RBD) were measured and reported here. RESULTS: 88 (28 ulcerative colitis, 50 Crohn's disease) IBD patients were included and compared to 53 healthy controls (Table 1). IBD patients medications included 6 5ASA (6.8%), 6 immunomodulator monotherapy (6.8%), 14 anti-TNF monotherapy (15.9%), 32 anti-TNF combination therapy with immunomodulator (36%), 16 IL12/23 (18%) and 13 vedolizumab (14%). Pre-vaccine baseline sera showed absence of anti-RBD antibodies in all participants. 84 patients (87%) received BNT162b2 and 4 (4.5%) received ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccines. Geometric mean [SD] anti-S1/2 antibody concentrations at 4 weeks after second vaccination (V3) were significantly lower in IBD TNF treated patients (162.6[1.7]) compared to IBD non TNF treated patients (325.2[1.3]), and healthy controls (325.2[1.3]), p<0.0001 (Figure 1). There was no difference between non-TNF treated patients including those on vedolizumab or IL12/23 compared to controls. Similarly there was a significant difference between anti-RBD IgG titres between TNF and non-TNF IBD patients at V3 but not when compared to controls. There was no difference in RBD IgG and anti-S1/2 antibodies between anti-TNF monotherapy and combination therapy. All healthy controls and most IBD patients seroconverted at V3. 2 patients that failed to seroconvert were on steroid. CONCLUSION: TNF agents influence SARS-CoV-2 vaccine-induced antibody response in IBD patients, with lower anti-S1/2 IgG concentrations compared to non-TNF IBD patients and healthy controls. However, there was no difference in RBD IgG concentrations. It is unclear whether these subtle differences in antibody response in IBD patients on TNF agents is biologically meaningful, as most seroconverted after second dose vaccination. They may translate to differences in antibody longevity, but this is yet to be demonstrated. Neutralising antibody and T cell (CD4+/CD8+/follicular T cell) data from this study to come. (Table Presented) (Figure Presented)

16.
Gastroenterology ; 162(7):S-597-S-598, 2022.
Article in English | EMBASE | ID: covidwho-1967343

ABSTRACT

Background: Vaccination has proven to be an effective public health measure to combat the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. However, vaccine “hesitancy” has limited uptake in some populations. We surveyed individuals with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) to explore factors associated with vaccine uptake, concerns, and which sources of information were considered trustworthy surrounding vaccination. Methods: Patients with IBD were recruited from a specialist IBD clinic at a tertiary hospital in Australia, and through a national IBD patient society (Crohn's & Colitis Australia). Patients were invited to complete an anonymous electronicsurvey between 31 October – 17 November 2021. Logistic regression was used to identify variables associated with vaccine uptake, using SPSS (Version 13.0 IBM). Results: There were a total of 441 respondents. Demographic and IBD characteristics are presented in Table 1. There were 337 females and 98 males. 262 (59.4%) had Crohns disease, 161 (36.5%) ulcerative colitis, and 18 (4.1%) indeterminant colitis. Most respondents 411 (93.2%) had received at least 1 dose of COVID-19 vaccination. 283 (61.9%) obtained BNT162b2 Pfizer, 133 (30.2%) ChAdOx1 nCoV-1 Astra Zeneca, and 5 (1.1%) mRNA-1273 Moderna. Most agreed that that vaccination in general was safe 306 (90.1%). Among 30 (6.8%) respondents who had not been vaccinated, concern about experiencing an IBD flare with vaccination and vaccine safety were most commonly identified. Multivariate analysis (Table 2) demonstrated past influenza vaccination (OR 3.28, 95% CI 1.34-8.9, p = 0.009) and self-perceived risk of being more unwell with COVID-19 infection due to IBD was positively associated with COVID-19 vaccine uptake (OR 5.25, 95% CI 1.96-14.04, p <0.001). The perceived risk of COVID-19 vaccination causing an IBD flare, and concern that vaccination is unsafe in pregnancy were both negatively associated with vaccine uptake (OR 0.28, 95% CI 0.10-0.77, p = 0.01) and (OR 0.22, 95% CI 0.08-0.65, p = 0.006) respectively. . Trust in healthcare workers was high with 282 (73.7%) responders ranking them the most trusted source to obtain information surrounding vaccination. Social media was ranked the least trusted source of information by 225 (58.6%). Conclusion: Past influenza vaccination and self-perceived risk of being more unwell with COVID-19 due to IBD, were positive predictors of COVID-19 vaccine uptake in IBD patients. Concerns about an IBD flare with vaccination is a unique consideration in those vaccine hesitant and is a negative predictor of vaccine uptake. Healthcare providers were ranked the most trusted source of information, highlighting the key role they have in exploring vaccination concerns and misconceptions in IBD patients. This is particularly so when navigating rapidly changing vaccine recommendations, and in the consideration of primary third dose and booster vaccination uptake. (Table Presented) (Table Presented)

17.
Gastroenterology ; 162(7):S-498, 2022.
Article in English | EMBASE | ID: covidwho-1967329

ABSTRACT

Background Gastrointestinal infections cause a significant burden to the Australian healthcare system each year, with acute gastroenteritis infections costing up to $359 million AUD ($258 million USD) in 2016. Viral causes of gastroenteritis, particularly Norovirus, account for the majority of these cases. Given the contagious nature of many causes of bacterial and viral gastroenteritis, it was hypothesized that widespread lockdowns and increased public health focus on regular hand hygiene would contribute to a reduction in hospital presentations with gastrointestinal infections. Melbourne, Victoria, Australia first went into lockdown in March 2020 and remained in various forms of lockdown until late 2020. Methods A retrospective study comparing rates of hospitalization for bacterial and viral gastroenteritis was performed at The Royal Melbourne Hospital between February-August in both 2019 and 2020. Rates of admission were compared between the two years, as well as the causative organism and the outcome of the presentation. Descriptive statistics were provided to summarise demographic characteristics. Outcomes between the two years were compared using paired t-tests for continuous variables and Pearson chi-square for categorical variables. All data analysis was performed using Stata 16.1 and p-values £0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results Demographic data are summarised in Table 1. 283 patients were hospitalized with gastroenteritis in 2019 pre-pandemic, compared to 147 in 2020 during the COVID-19 pandemic. There was a significant reduction in the number of patients admitted with positive fecal cultures from 2019 to 2020 (87 vs 57, p < 0.01). The number and percentage of patients presenting with Norovirus reduced by greater than 90% in 2020 compared to 2019 (Table 2) (Odds Ratio: 0.093 [Confidence Interval: 0.02-0.41], p<0.01). There was a reduction in the number of presentations with Salmonella, however, this did not reach statistical significance (p=0.50). The number of patients presenting with Clostridium difficile significantly increased in 2020 compared to 2019 (21 versus 25, p=0.01) (Table 2). Rates of antibiotic treatment and intensive care admission were greater in 2020 compared to 2019 however there was no significant difference in biomarkers, length of stay, or mortality (Table 2). Conclusion A significant decrease in the incidence of hospitalization secondary to acute gastrointestinal infections was observed during the COVID-19 pandemic. Norovirus presentations decreased by greater than 90% between 2019 and 2020. The rate of other GI infections was similar between pre-pandemic and pandemic time points. These findings suggest that public health measures, such as social distancing and hand hygiene, may be a useful adjunct to prevent Norovirus infections in the future and could result in significant healthcare savings.(Table Presented)TABLE 1: PATIENT DEMOGRAPHICS(Table Presented) TABLE 2: GASTROINTESTINAL CULTURE POSITIVE INFECTIONS 2019 VERSUS 2020

18.
Chin Med ; 17(1): 42, 2022 Apr 02.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-1822199

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To explore the effect of Ludangshen oral liquid for treatment of convalescent patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) with randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled multicenter method. METHODS: 200 convalescent COVID-19 patients who had symptoms related to decreased digestive and respiratory function were randomly divided to either receive Ludangshen oral liquid or placebo for 2 weeks. The severity of clinical symptoms including fatigue, anorexia, abdominal distension, loose stools, and shortness of breath were assessed by visual analogue scale and observed at before and after treatment. The improvement and resolution rates of clinical symptoms were evaluated. Full analysis set (FAS) and per-protocol set (PPS) were used for statistical analyses. Adverse events were recorded during the study. RESULTS: 8 patients did not complete the study. After 2 weeks of treatment, both FAS and PPS results showed that patients in Ludangshen group had significantly lower score of fatigue, anorexia, loose stools, and shortness of breath than placebo group (P < 0.05), while there was no significant difference in distention (P > 0.05). The improvement rate of fatigue, anorexia, distension, loose stools and shortness of breath were significantly higher in Ludangshen group (P < 0.05), as well as the resolution rates (P < 0.05) except for shortness of breath (P > 0.05). There were two cases of adverse events, with one nose bleeding in Ludangshen group and one headache in placebo group. CONCLUSION: The study suggested that two weeks of Ludangshen oral liquid treatment may have certain effects for convalescent COVID-19 patients on improving digestive and respiratory symptoms including fatigue, anorexia, loose stools and shortness of breath, which may be one of the choices for management of convalescent COVID-19 patients with digestive and respiratory symptoms.

19.
2nd International Seminar on Artificial Intelligence, Networking and Information Technology, AINIT 2021 ; : 600-605, 2021.
Article in English | Scopus | ID: covidwho-1788618

ABSTRACT

Big Traffic data [1] is cross-border multi-source data for multiple industries, but traffic roads have brought significant economic and social benefits, the number of traffic accidents and casualties is on the rise. Among them, traffic accidents are related to many factors, such as weather and population density. The data set used in this article is open source in Barcelona. The Random Forest algorithm is used to screen essential risk factors, establish a traffic risk prediction model, and compare traffic risks before and after COVID-19. It is concluded that the outbreak of the new crown virus -19-19 has a great impact on people's travel and transportation. Finally, the R square of the model established by Random Forest is 0.9. The K-means clustering algorithm is used to determine the location of the accident handling centre. Moreover, the scope of each accident risk management centre can cover more than 85 percent of traffic accident sites from 2016 to 2020. © 2021 IEEE.

20.
Journal of Crohn's and Colitis ; 16:i593, 2022.
Article in English | EMBASE | ID: covidwho-1722365

ABSTRACT

Background: Vaccination has proven to be an effective public health measure to combat the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. However, vaccine hesitancy has limited uptake in some populations. We surveyed individuals with IBD to explore factors associated with vaccine uptake, concerns, and which sources of information were considered trustworthy surrounding vaccination. Methods: Patients with IBD were recruited from a specialist IBD clinic at a tertiary hospital in Australia, and through a national IBD patient society (Crohn's & Colitis Australia). Patients were invited to complete an anonymous survey between 31 October - 17 November 2021. Logistic regression was used to identify variables associated with vaccine uptake. Data was analysed using SPSS (Chicago, IL). Results: There were a total of 441 respondents. Demographic and IBD characteristics are presented in Table 1. Most respondents 411 (93.2%) had received at least 1 dose of COVID-19 vaccination. Among 30 (6.8%) respondents who had not been vaccinated, concern about experiencing an IBD flare with vaccination and vaccine safety were most commonly identified. Of those who had not yet been vaccinated, the possibility of getting vaccinated in the future was likely in 3 (10.7%), unlikely in 12 (42.8%), whilst 13 (45.4%) were unsure about future vaccination. Multivariate analysis [Table 2] demonstrated past influenza vaccination (OR 3.28, 95% CI 1.34-8.9, p = 0.009) and self-perceived risk of being more unwell with COVID-19 infection due to IBD was positively associated with COVID-19 vaccine uptake (OR 5.25, 95% CI 1.96-14.04, p <0.001). Most agreed that that vaccination in general was safe 306 (90.1%). The perceived risk of COVID-19 vaccination causing an IBD flare, and concern that vaccination is unsafe in pregnancy were both negatively associated with vaccine uptake (OR 0.28, 95% CI 0.10-0.77, p = 0.01 and OR 0.22, 95% CI 0.08-0.65, p = 0.006) respectively. Trust in healthcare workers was high with 282 (73.7%) responders ranking them the most trusted source to obtain information surrounding vaccination [Figure 1]. Social media was ranked the least trusted source of information by 225 (58.6%). Conclusion: Past influenza vaccination and self-perceived risk of being more unwell with COVID-19 due to IBD, were positive predictors of COVID-19 vaccine uptake in IBD patients. Concerns about an IBD flare with vaccination is a unique consideration in those vaccine hesitant and is a negative predictor of vaccine uptake. Among those not yet vaccinated, 45% were uncertain about future vaccination. Given healthcare providers were ranked the most trusted source surrounding this domain, this survey highlights the key role they have in exploring vaccination concerns and misconceptions in IBD patients.

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